Climate change is a global phenomenon that refers to long-term changes in the conditions of the Earth’s atmosphere, particularly average temperatures and weather patterns. The impact on biodiversity is significant and detrimental. One of the main aspects affected is the natural habitat. Rising temperatures cause certain areas to become too hot for certain species, forcing them to move to cooler areas. This can cause habitat fragmentation that harms species populations. Climate change also contributes to changes in rainfall patterns. Some areas may experience increased rainfall, while others will experience severe drought. Unpredictable water availability can disrupt ecosystems that depend on stable rainfall patterns. Additionally, prolonged drought can result in plant death and reduce food sources for herbivorous species, disrupting the food chain. Rising sea levels due to melting polar ice are another threat to biodiversity. Mangrove forests, coral reefs and other coastal areas are vulnerable to erosion and habitat loss. Where it is lost, species that depend on that ecosystem are also threatened with extinction. For example, coral reefs that are sensitive to warmer water temperatures become more susceptible to bleaching, which can eliminate food sources for many marine species. Climate change also affects species’ migration and breeding patterns. Many species depend on certain times of the season or temperatures for migration or reproduction. With unexpected changes, species may not be able to adapt quickly, resulting in population declines. For example, migratory birds may arrive at their nesting grounds before food is available, which could lead to crop failure. Another factor to consider is the interaction between species. Climate change can cause invasive species to thrive in an area, outcompeting local species and disrupting the balance of the ecosystem. When non-native species fill gaps in disturbed ecosystems, they displace native species, reducing biodiversity. Genetic diversity is also threatened by climate change. With reduced populations and habitats, genetic variation between individuals is limited. Genetic variation is important for a species’ resistance to environmental stress. Populations that lack genetic diversity make species more susceptible to disease, pests, and extreme environmental conditions. Awareness of this issue is increasing, and protective measures must be taken. To protect threatened biodiversity, ecosystem-based approaches and sustainable management are essential. Habitat conservation and development of national parks can provide protection for threatened species. In addition, international collaboration is needed to address climate change as a whole, as well as reduce carbon emissions which are the main cause of this change.