Global warming is one of the most pressing environmental issues today, and its impact on biodiversity is significant. As Earth’s average temperature increases, species experience changes in habitat, migration patterns, and extreme warming. This resulted in a decline in populations, even the extinction of several species. One of the direct impacts of global warming is climate change. Higher temperatures cause changes in ecosystems, affecting flora and fauna. Species that cannot adapt quickly to these changes are at high risk of extinction. For example, animals that depend on cold habitats such as polar bears and penguins face serious threats due to melting sea ice. Changes in rainfall patterns also have a big influence. Some areas experience extreme drought, while others may experience flooding. This affects soil fertility and water availability, which impacts biodiversity. Plants and animals that cannot adapt to these conditions find it difficult to survive. Ocean acidification due to increasing carbon dioxide levels also has an impact on marine ecosystems. Coral reefs, as one of the most biodiverse ecosystems, are particularly vulnerable to these changes. When coral reefs bleach and die, habitat for thousands of fish species is also lost, reducing marine biodiversity. The impact of global warming also encourages the emergence of invasive species. With climate change, certain species may move to new, previously inaccessible habitats. This creates competition between local species and invasive species, often leading to population declines of native species. In addition, global warming affects the movement of prey and predators. When fish move to colder waters, animals such as seabirds that depend on those fish for food have to adapt. Lack of food can lead to decreased birth rates and increased deaths. Genetic diversity is also threatened by global warming. With population reduction, genetic variation decreases, which makes species more susceptible to disease and environmental changes. Extreme heat waves could be a triggering factor for the extinction of species that do not have sufficient genetic diversity to adapt. Plants, as an important part of the food chain, are also affected. Many plant species depend on certain climates to grow, and climate shifts can change their life cycles. This can cause a decline in the number of species and disrupt the ecosystem. Overall, the impact of global warming on biodiversity is a serious threat that requires urgent attention. Climate change mitigation, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions and protecting habitats, is an important step to protect vulnerable species and maintain the balance of ecosystems around the world.